Polysaturated fatty acids and their derivatives regulate respiratory infections.

The regulation of inflammation is a complex pathophysiological process that depends on the production of oxygenated lipid derivatives essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, like omega-3 and omega-6, among which are the lipoxins resolvins and protectins, called specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPM). Their activity is associated with the control of respiratory infection processes to modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, avoiding damage due to inflammation-associated necrosis, reducing microbial loads, and promoting tissue remodeling. Therefore, we review some of the biochemical, physiological and immunological aspects of SPM in the regulation of inflammation in respiratory infections.Copyright © 2022, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias. All rights reserved.

Mechanism-based approaches of 1,3,4 thiadiazole scaffolds as potent enzyme inhibitors for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity

Significant progress in understanding cancer pathogenesis, it remains one of the leading causes of death after cardiovascular diseases. Similarly viral infections have emerged from wildlife or re-emerged, generating serious threats to the global health. As a result, there is an urgent need for the development of novel, more effective anticancer and antiviral therapeutics. Scientists, medicinal chemists and researchers are continuously finding novel targets, mechanisms and molecules against theses severe and dangerous infections. Therefore, ongoing extensively study and research emphasizes 1,3,4 thiadiazole pharmacophore have versatile pharmacological actions. Due to mesoionic behaviour of 1,3,4 thiadiazole pharmacophore allows to enter and easily cross biological membrane which allow to interact various biological proteins. In this review study an attempt has been made of various mechanisms involved in cancer and viral prevalence with updated studies done so far. This review study also findings the role of 1,3,4 thiadiazole motif in the management of various cancers and viral infection. This study also highlighting research statics on clinical trials and various patents containing 1,3,4 thiadiazole derivatives. © 2022 The Author(s)

Chapter 6: Screening Technologies

Screening advanced compounds enables discovery of direct repurposing candidates, novel drug-like leads for optimization, and informative pharmacological probes. In this chapter, we describe different types of screening collections used in drug repurposing, discuss issues and considerations in preparing and executing a repurposing screen, and present examples of in vitro and in vivo repurposing assays. We further describe various data sources reporting information on de-risked compounds of different types and illustrate how data mining and chemoinformatic and chemogenomic searches can be used to access large numbers of advanced compounds and assemble collections most suitable for screening in a given disease model. We argue that a view of repurposing screening as a large-scale bet on finding candidates for clinical testing is narrow and incomplete. Rather, when thoughtfully executed, screening of re-risked compounds is informed by target pathobiology and offers a means to efficiently convert advances in the development of sophisticated non-clinical models and new insights in disease mechanisms into novel drug-like leads and candidates for development.